Can You E-Sign Solo 401k Plan Documents?

Setting up a Solo 401k is faster and more flexible than it used to be, especially with the rise of today’s online platforms. But if you’re self-employed and ready to open your plan, you may wonder: can you sign all the necessary documents electronically, or do you still need to print and mail them in?

This guide breaks down what the IRS allows, which Solo 401k documents are typically eligible for e-signature, and when a wet signature might still be necessary. 

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Are E-Signatures Allowed for Solo 401k Plans?

Yes. In most cases, electronic signatures are permitted for Solo 401k plan documents. Both the IRS and Department of Labor generally accept e-signatures, as long as they meet certain requirements. This is based on federal rules under the E-SIGN Act and ERISA, which recognize electronic records as legally valid “written instruments.”

Most Solo 401k providers today use secure e-signature platforms that already meet these standards. If you’re unsure, check with your provider or review the platform they’re using.

Which Documents Can Be E-Signed?

ERISA’s “written instrument” rule does not require pen-and-ink signatures, and the IRS Electronic Signature Program (IRM 10.10.1) treats electronic approval as valid for covered documents.

So if you’re setting up a Solo 401k, the good news is that most of the core documents don’t need to be signed with pen and paper. In most cases, they can be completed electronically — as long as your provider uses a secure and verifiable signing process.

Key Solo 401k documents typically eligible for e-signature include:

✅ Adoption Agreement – Officially establishes your Solo 401k
✅ Trust Agreement – Names you as trustee of the plan
✅ Summary Plan Description (SPD) – Explains the plan terms in plain language
✅ Plan Amendments – Reflect changes required by law, like updates from the SECURE Acts

📌 Also Read: Important Forms for Solo 401k Owners

What Makes an E-Signature Valid?

Not all electronic signatures are created equal. To comply with IRS and ERISA standards, an e-signature must meet certain conditions:

✅ It’s done through a trusted platform – The tool (e.g., DocuSign, HelloSign) must track the time, date, and method of signature.
✅ Your identity is verified – Typically done through email, multi-factor authentication, or login credentials.
✅ You clearly intend to sign – Clicking a “Sign” button or typing your name usually qualifies.
✅ The signature stays linked to the document –  It must not be separable, editable, or reused.
✅ A copy is saved and stored – A final signed version with a timestamp should be stored by you or your provider.

📝 Note: These rules are based on general IRS guidance (see IRM 10.10.1.3.1) and the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (ESIGN).

Do All Providers Accept E-Signatures?

Most Solo 401k providers today accept electronic signatures for plan setup and updates. 

However, some may still require printed forms for specific transactions, especially for rollovers or certain amendments. This often depends on the custodian or the platform they use.

✅ Commonly e-signed documents: Adoption Agreement, Trust Agreement, Plan Amendments
❌ May still require wet signatures: Certain rollovers, plan closures, or custodian-specific forms

📝 Tip: Always review your provider’s document policy before you begin. This helps avoid delays and ensures compliance.

When Is a Wet Signature Still Required?

Although e-signatures are generally accepted, some providers may require physical (wet) signatures in certain cases, usually due to internal procedures rather than IRS mandates.

These situations may include:

✅ Executing rollovers from another provider
✅ Submitting account closures or plan termination documents
✅ Custom amendments not supported by the provider’s platform

📝 Note: These are typically platform or company policies—not federal legal requirements. Always confirm requirements with your provider.

Final Thoughts: Is E-Signing Safe and Legit?

E-signing Solo 401k documents is generally permitted, as long as it follows IRS requirements. This includes using a platform that verifies your identity, applies a time stamp, and keeps a record of the signed documents.

Many Solo 401k providers now offer e-signature options that meet these standards. That means you may be able to complete your setup and future updates without printing or mailing forms.

Before you sign:

If you’re not sure what your provider accepts, it’s a good idea to ask. A financial or tax professional may also help if your situation involves more complex filings.

📌 Also Read: How to Open a 401k Without An Employer

Disclaimer:

The Carry Learning Center is operated by The Vibes Company Inc. (“Vibes”) and contains generalized educational content about personal finance topics. While Vibes provides educational content and technology services, all investment advisory services discussed on this website are provided exclusively through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Carry Advisors LLC (“Carry Advisors”), an SEC registered investment adviser. The information contained on the Carry Learning Center should not be construed as personalized investment advice and should not be considered as a solicitation to buy or sell any security or engage in a particular investment, accounting, tax or legal strategy. Vibes is not providing tax, legal, accounting, or investment advice. You should consult with qualified tax, legal, accounting, and investment professionals regarding your specific situation.

The accounts, strategies and/or investments discussed in this material may not be suitable for all investors. All investments involve the risk of loss, and past performance does not guarantee future results. Investment growth or profit is never a guarantee. All statements and opinions included on the Carry Learning Center are intended to be current as of the date of publication but are subject to change without notice.

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