If you turn 73 or older in 2025, you’re likely required to take a Required Minimum Distribution (RMD) from your IRA or 401k. These mandatory withdrawals are designed to ensure your retirement funds are eventually taxed, even if you don’t need the money yet.
Understanding how much you need to withdraw each year can help you avoid costly penalties and better manage your retirement income. While RMDs may sound complex, the process is fairly straightforward once you know your numbers.
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To estimate your 2025 RMD, use the table below. All you need is your age in 2025 and your retirement account balance at the end of 2024
📌 Also read: IRA Required Minimum Distributions (RMD)
How to Calculate Your RMD
Here’s a step-by-step way to estimating your 2025 RMD:
1. Find your age in the RMD table below. Use the age you’ll be on your birthday in 2025.
2. Locate your Life Expectancy Factor, which corresponds to your age in the table.
3. Get your account balance as of December 31, 2024. This is the value the IRS uses for RMD calculations.
4. Divide your account balance by your Life Expectancy Factor. That result gives you your estimated RMD for 2025 — the minimum amount you’ll generally need to withdraw to avoid IRS penalties.
✏️ Hypothetical Example:
Suppose you turn 75 in 2025, and your 401k account balance on December 31, 2024 is $200,000.
Based on the RMD chart below, the Life Expectancy Factor for someone age 75 is 24.6.
To estimate your required minimum distribution for 2025:
$200,000 ÷ 24.6 = $8,130.08
Based on this calculation, your minimum RMD for 2025 would be approximately $8,130.08.
📝 Note: Your actual RMD may vary based on your account type and any special rules that may apply.
RMD Table for 2025: Find Your Life Expectancy Factor
Now that you’ve seen how the math works, the table below can help you find the number to use in your own calculation.
📝 Note: The Percentage of Account Balance column shows what portion of your account will generally need to be withdrawn based on your Life Expectancy Factor. You don’t need to calculate anything with this percentage. It’s simply there to help you visualize the size of your RMD in relation to your total account value.
| Age | Life Expectancy Factor | Percentage of Account Balance |
| 72 | 27.4 | 3.44% |
| 73 | 26.5 | 3.78% |
| 74 | 25.5 | 3.93% |
| 75 | 24.6 | 4.07% |
| 76 | 23.7 | 4.22% |
| 77 | 22.9 | 4.37% |
| 78 | 22 | 4.55% |
| 79 | 21.1 | 4.74% |
| 80 | 20.2 | 4.96% |
| 81 | 19.4 | 5.16% |
| 82 | 18.5 | 5.41% |
| 83 | 17.7 | 5.65% |
| 84 | 16.8 | 5.96% |
| 85 | 16 | 6.25% |
| 86 | 15.2 | 6.58% |
| 87 | 14.4 | 6.95% |
| 88 | 13.7 | 7.30% |
| 89 | 12.9 | 7.76% |
| 90 | 12.2 | 8.20% |
| 91 | 11.5 | 8.70% |
| 92 | 10.8 | 9.26% |
| 93 | 10.1 | 9.91% |
| 94 | 9.5 | 10.53% |
| 95 | 8.9 | 11.24% |
| 96 | 8.4 | 11.91% |
| 97 | 7.8 | 12.83% |
| 98 | 7.3 | 13.70% |
| 99 | 6.8 | 14.71% |
| 100 | 6.4 | 15.63% |
| 101 | 6 | 16.67% |
| 102 | 5.6 | 17.86% |
| 103 | 5.2 | 19.24% |
| 104 | 4.9 | 20.41% |
| 105 | 4.6 | 21.74% |
| 106 | 4.3 | 23.26% |
| 107 | 4.1 | 24.40% |
| 108 | 3.9 | 25.65% |
| 109 | 3.7 | 27.03% |
| 110 | 3.5 | 28.58% |
| 111 | 3.4 | 29.42% |
| 112 | 3.3 | 30.31% |
| 113 | 3.1 | 32.26% |
| 114 | 3 | 33.34% |
| 115 | 2.9 | 34.49% |
| 116 | 2.8 | 35.72% |
| 117 | 2.7 | 37.04% |
| 118 | 2.4 | 40.00% |
| 119 | 2.3 | 43.48% |
| 120+ | 2 | 50.00% |
Source: IRS Publication 590-B
📝 Important Note
The RMD table above generally applies to retirement account holders who:
✅ Are unmarried and calculating RMDs for their own account
✅ Are married, but their spouse is not more than 10 years younger
✅ Are married, but their spouse is not the sole beneficiary of the account
❗ If your spouse is more than 10 years younger than you and is the sole beneficiary of your retirement account, then a different IRS table applies.
In that case, your RMD is based on a separate set of life expectancy factors that account for both your age and your spouse’s age. You can find these numbers in Table II of Appendix B in IRS Publication 590-B.
Retirement Accounts That Require RMDs
Most retirement accounts are generally subject to required minimum distributions (RMDs) once you reach age 73. This includes both employer-sponsored plans and traditional IRAs.
Here’s a list of account types that typically require RMDs:
- 401k plans
- Solo 401k plans
- 403b plans
- 457b plans
- Traditional IRA
- SEP IRA
- SARSEPs
- SIMPLE IRA
- Profit sharing plans
📝 Important Note About Roth Accounts:
- Roth IRAs are not subject to RMDs during the original owner’s lifetime.
- Starting January 1, 2024, Roth 401k and Roth Solo 401k accounts are also exempt from RMDs during the account holder’s lifetime, following updates under the SECURE 2.0 Act.
- However, RMDs may still apply to inherited Roth accounts, depending on the beneficiary’s relationship to the deceased.
📌 Also read: Everything You Need To Know About Missed RMDs
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